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Canadian Immigration Glossary

Canadian Immigration Glossary

General Immigration Terms

  1. Permanent Resident: A person who has been granted permanent resident status in Canada but is not a Canadian citizen.
  2. Citizen: A person who has full rights and privileges in Canada by birth or through naturalization.
  3. Temporary Resident: A person who is in Canada legally for a temporary purpose such as tourism, work, or study.
  4. Refugee: A person who has fled their home country due to fear of persecution and has been granted protection in Canada.
  5. Asylum Seeker: A person who has applied for refugee status in Canada but has not yet been granted protection.
  6. Removal Order: A directive issued by Canadian authorities for a foreign national to leave Canada.
  7. Immigration Consultant: A professional who offers advice and assistance on immigration matters but is not a lawyer.

Visa and Permit Categories

  1. Visitor Visa: A visa allowing temporary entry to Canada for tourism or business purposes.
  2. Study Permit: Authorization for foreign nationals to study at designated learning institutions in Canada.
  3. Work Permit: Authorization for foreign nationals to work in Canada temporarily.
  4. Super Visa: A visa allowing parents and grandparents of Canadian citizens and permanent residents to visit for up to two years at a time.
  5. Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA): An entry requirement for visa-exempt foreign nationals traveling to Canada by air.
  6. Express Entry: An online system for managing applications for permanent residence under federal economic immigration programs.
  7. Provincial Nominee Program (PNP): Programs allowing Canadian provinces and territories to nominate individuals for permanent residence based on local needs.

Family Sponsorship

  1. Family Class: A category of immigration that allows Canadian citizens and permanent residents to sponsor family members for permanent residence.
  2. Dependent Child: A child who is under 22 years old and without a spouse or common-law partner, or over 22 and dependent due to a physical or mental condition.
  3. Spouse/Common-Law Partner: A person who is married to or in a conjugal relationship with the sponsor.

Economic Immigration

  1. Skilled Worker: A foreign national with work experience, education, and language skills required to contribute to Canada’s economy.
  2. Canadian Experience Class: An immigration program for individuals who have work experience in Canada and want to become permanent residents.
  3. Federal Skilled Worker Program: An immigration program for individuals with skilled work experience abroad who want to live in Canada permanently.
  4. Federal Skilled Trades Program: An immigration program for skilled tradespeople who want to become permanent residents.
  5. Start-up Visa: A program for immigrant entrepreneurs who have the skills and potential to build innovative businesses in Canada.
  6. Self-Employed Persons Program: A program for individuals who intend to become self-employed in Canada and have relevant experience.

Refugee and Asylum Terms

  1. Inland Refugee Claim: A refugee claim made by a person who is already in Canada.
  2. Protected Person: A person who has been determined to be a refugee or a person in need of protection by the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) or the government.
  3. Pre-Removal Risk Assessment (PRRA): An assessment for individuals who are facing removal from Canada to determine if they would be at risk if returned to their home country.

Legal and Procedural Terms

  1. Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB): An independent administrative tribunal responsible for making decisions on immigration and refugee matters.
  2. Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC): The former name of the federal department responsible for immigration and citizenship, now known as Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
  3. Immigration Appeal Division (IAD): A division of the IRB that hears appeals on immigration-related decisions.
  4. Humanitarian and Compassionate Grounds: Considerations for granting permanent residence to individuals who would suffer undue hardship if required to leave Canada.
  5. Settlement Services: Programs and services that help newcomers integrate into Canadian society, including language training, employment assistance, and community support.

Other Immigration Terms

  1. Biometrics: The collection of fingerprints and a photograph for identity verification and security purposes.
  2. Landing Paper: The document issued to new permanent residents upon arrival in Canada, also known as the Confirmation of Permanent Residence (COPR).
  3. Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA): A document that a Canadian employer may need to hire a foreign worker, proving that there is a need for the worker and no Canadians can fill the position.
  4. Express Entry Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS): A points-based system used to assess and score Express Entry candidates, ranking them for invitation to apply for permanent residence.
  5. Bridging Open Work Permit (BOWP): A work permit allowing individuals in Canada to continue working while their application for permanent residence is processed.
  6. Restoration of Status: A process allowing temporary residents to regain their legal status in Canada after it has expired, provided they meet certain conditions.

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